Which vital signs are monitored during patient assessment?

During patient assessment, monitoring heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and temperature provides critical information about a patient's cardiovascular, respiratory, and overall health status.

Heart rate indicates how well the heart is functioning and can signal issues such as tachycardia or bradycardia. Respiratory rate reflects the patient's breathing effectiveness and can reveal problems such as hypoxia or respiratory distress. Blood pressure gives insight into the circulatory system’s efficiency and can help identify conditions like hypertension or shock. Temperature is an essential indicator of the body’s metabolism and can denote the presence of infection or inflammation.

The other options include various combinations of vital signs, but they either omit key components like blood pressure or do not represent the standard set of vital signs as comprehensively as the correct answer. Blood glucose, though important in certain contexts, is typically assessed separately from the vital signs protocol. Pulse oximetry measures oxygen saturation specifically and is valuable, but it is not traditionally classified as one of the primary vital signs.