What is considered a normal respiratory rate for adults at rest?

The normal respiratory rate for adults at rest typically falls within the range of 12 to 20 breaths per minute. This range is established based on physiological norms, reflecting the body's need to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently while at rest. Individual respiratory rates can vary due to factors such as fitness level, age, and overall health; however, rates outside this range may indicate potential respiratory issues or distress.

A rate below 12 may suggest bradypnea (slow breathing), which can be concerning, especially if accompanied by other signs of respiratory compromise. Conversely, a rate exceeding 20 breaths per minute may suggest tachypnea (rapid breathing), which can occur in situations of anxiety, fever, or respiratory conditions. Consequently, understanding and recognizing the normal range helps EMTs assess and monitor patients effectively.